Device for spraying paints, lacquers, or other liquids



A ff Z 7. 69 I Y y March 26, 1929. A. H, DowNs v 1,70%875 DEVICE FOR SPRAYING PINTS, LACQUERS, 0R OTHER LIQUIDS Filed Aug. 2, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l 33 /l dfi/@gj wm A. H. DOWNS www DEVICE FR SPRAYING PAINTS, LACQUERS, OR OTHER LIQUIDS Filed Aug. 2, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Mmh 26, A, H, DOWNS I 1,706,875

DEVICE FOR SPRAYING PAINTS, LAQQUERS, OR OTHER LIQUIDS Filed Aug'. 2; 1926 As sheets-sheet 3 Patented lidar. 2, i929.

ans'rna n. Downs, on Nnwnnn, New nensnrz`I meer;

N crie.

' :nevica non sraaa'rne rarn'rs, Lacennns, on OTHER-manine.

Application filed August 2, 1926. Serial No. 126,507.

This invention relates to improvements in devices for spraying paints, lacquers or other liquids as well as heavy liquids, semi-pastes,

etc. and the principal object is the provision ducing the amount yof mists and fumes to minimum and still affording perfectatomiza tion of the material and application thereof' to the surface being coated.

Another object of the invention is the provision yof a new and improved form of nozzle construction whereby the liquid is completely atomized therein and delivered therefrom in the form of a fan-shaped sheet of finely divided spray of substantially -uniform density throughout its Aentire extent. By fan- 'sl1aped, ll mean flaring or diverging in width, but preferably of the small depth or thickness.

-nother object of this invention is the provision of such a device in which the enti e body and handle are made of one piece pre@- erably by die-castingor forging, whereby the manufacture of the same is simplified and cheapened and' at the same timey a more attractive appearing and substantial device is provided. v y Further objects include improvements in details of vconstruction and which are hereinafter set forth in full. l

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such otherobjects as may hereinafter appear, this invention consists in he con-1 struction, combination and arrangement bf parts hereinafter described and thensought to be defined in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof and which show, merely for the purpose of illustrative disclog sure, a preferred embodiment of my invention, it being expressly understood, however,

thatfvarious-changes may be made in practice within the scope of the claimsiwithout di j.

gressing from my inventive idea. .ln the d rawmgs- Figure 1 represents. a vertical longitudinal cross section through a device constructed to' embody my 1nvent1onshown in inoperative,

or closed condition in full linesjthe open pos ition of the trigger being indicated in dotted lines.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of a device constructed to embody my'inventionfshown with 'one form of connection to a pressure feed cup. l x f 7 Figure 3 is a vertical cross section through another form of connectionbetween the de vice itself and a pressure feed cup. Figure 4.- is a perspective view ofthe fluid' tip. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 1, showing a slightly modied construction, particularly with reference tothe nozzle and fluidv tip and' also theair valve and its operating 4connections. v

Fig. 6-is a` longitudinal section on an e11- larged scale of the nozzle and struction shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a from end elevation of ,the device 1 `Fig. 8 is va front view ofthe nozzle shown in Fig. l.

shown in Fig'. 5 with the nozzle removed. f

" Fig. 9 is a vertical cross section taken subfluid tip in elevation. y Fig. 10 is a vertical section taken at right angles to Fig. 9-on line lO-lO of Fig. 8'.

stantially on line 9-9 of Fig. 8, showing thel Fig. 11 is a rear end elevation of the nozzle.

Fig. l2 is a front elevation of a modified form of nozzle.

Fig. is aside elevation of the nozzle shown in Fig. 12, part lbeing broken away and shown in section.'

This application is filed as a continuation of my pending application Ser. No. 742,105 filed Uct. 7, 1924, inl sorfar as the subject matter is common. 1

Referring now to the drawings, the numeral l designates the body onthe device'as a whole, this body including the barrel portion 2 and the .handle portion 3, the handle portion extending .downwardly from the barrel -portion and inclined slightly to the chamber 7. This valve chamber isprovided reariso lthat thedevice has somewhat the appearance of an automatic revolver.

evices of this kind are employedj to spray material principally for coating purposes, the material being -atomized by air ,A under pressure.

The material is fed to the point of'atomization by pressure and consetuentl thisdevice has ports, passages and vesV or controlling the admission and passage of the pressure fluid as well as the liquid material andthe atomization of the l same." A connection 4 to asuitable source of air or other fluid under` pressure isCvmade with the screw-threaded nipple 5. on the j- A.- thispressure is automatically maintained by lower end-of the handle portion 3. Usually suitable regulating means aslis well underi stood. -This nipple leads-to the passage 6 whichextends upwardly through the interior of the handle 3 to the air inlet valve with a bevelled valve seat 8 leading to the passage 9 which communicates with an up-` wardly extending passage 10, which in turn communicates with the horizontallyextend-l ingpassage 11 `located in the barrel 2. Mounted in the valve chamber 7 is a suitable valve member 12 having the valve proper 13 to extend without the body, as' shown, tol

adapted engage the seat 8 and having the operating stem 14 extending forwardly therefrom, and through a suitable bushing 15 bear againstla trigger tozLbe presently; de-

V scribed. The rear end ofthe-'valve member 12 is provided with the stud or projection- 16-to receive one end of`- the coil spring 17,-

the other end' of'which is positioned in a socket 18 in the-securing and tension adjusting nut 19, which is screwed into the rear `end' of the vvalve chamberA 7. By-this means "the valve 13 is normally held in tight engagementwith its seat A8 soth'atno air pressure is admitted through the passages- 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11` unless the valve is opened.

l Itis to be -noted thatin thepassage 6 I* provide a 'downwardly' extending bypass or passage 20.4which is provided with a valve `seat l2 1'adapted to receive a valve-22, shown vin-the form of a ball, whichv valve is nor- "`mally heldin engagement with its seat by means of coil spring 23, which is held in 'i position ,'andpnder tension by' means 'of a'v screw-threaded adjusting 'nut 24,; This nut is proviled withopenmg or aperture 25 therethr ugh, which has its-outlet arranged take whatever precautions are necessary to prevent the dangerous increase in pressure which is likely to result in damage and injury tothe mechanism, and also waste material as well aQgive unsatisfactory results. While this signal is in the form of one which affects the sense of touch or feeling, it is obvious that it can be made an audible signal in the form of a whistle.

The trigger above referred to .is designated -by t-he reference character 26 and has the downwardly extending portion 27 adapted to be engaged by certain fingers of the hand of the operator, the upper portion of the trigger being of yoke construction 28 and pivoted as at 29'on both sides of the barrel the latter .being cut out as at 30 to receive the yoke portion 29 of the trigger (see Figure 2 particularly). The trigger is Yprovided with a bearing face 31 on the rear side which engages the front end of the valve stem 14 and when the trigger is forced rearwardly the valve stem and its attached valve are forced rearwardly and the valve forced off its seat to permit the admission of air through l passages previously mentioned. The rearward movement of the trigger is limited by-means of the stop or abutment 32 coming into contact with a portion of. the- `b0dy. 'Spring 17 is of sufficient strength to normally hold the valve closed and the trigger in its extended open position shown inj full lines in Figure 1 of the drawing, and to cause these parts to assume these positions when the pressure is released from the trigger and to cause these parts to move from -t-hese positions when the pressure on the tri ger is reduced. Thereby a very' simple and delicate control is provided for controlling the admission of air into the device and it is very easily regulated by an operator and without the necessity of long training and experience. v he barrel portion 2 extends 1n a hoi-1- zontalidirecton forwardly from the handle portion 3 and is provided with the apertured lug or flange 33 to provide a convenient hanging means.' -The barrel is bored centrally to provide the packing gland and spring chamber 34 in its rear end portion. l

This chamber receives the packing gland which is in the form of an e ongated sleeve 35 having an externally screw-threaded portion 36 to engage the internal threads formed in the rear part of the packing gland chamber. Sleeve 35 has the headed nut portion 37 whereby the packing gland may be screwed into the chamber 34 and its position therein adjusted. The valve rod 38 which controls the supply of liquid material, extends through and is movably mounted within the lbore in the barrel and itsv rear portion passes through the acking gland chamber 34, the packing landp 35 and an opening 39 in the head 37 o the packing rizo ' to be presently described.

. between the washer 4() and the head 37,

into the path of movemei yoke portion 28 of the t gger member 2G,

meanrat t I gland. A washer 4() is secured to this valve rod 38 within the packing gland and a compression spring 4l is positioned around that portion of the rod within the packingY glanll this spring being placed under regula-ted tension by an v:uljustmentof the packing gland 35. That part of the chamber 34 which is shown to the left of the packing gland is filled with a suitable parking male-rial so as lo make the ljoint between the valve rod 3S and the body fluid tight.

This valve rod, as stated above, extends through the opening 39 in the head 37 of the packingl gland and is provided at. its end with the screw-threaded portionV 42 to receive the adjusting nut 43 and locking nut 44. The valve rod 38 is moved bymeanzf: of the yoke member 45 which has an enga-ging member 46 provided with a slot 47 lo slidably receive the rear portion of the valve rod 88. This yoke member has each of its two arms 48 connected to a bearing rod 49 slidably mounted in a .bearing passage 50 formed in one side of the body. The forward ends of these bearing rods 49 extend beyond the ends of the bearing passage 5() of the upper and so that when the trigger member is moved `a sufficient dist-ance to the rear, the bearing rods 49 will be moved rearwardly and due to the engagement of the yoke member 45 with the nuts 43 and 44, the valve \rod 38 will be moved rearwardly to open the valve pressly noted at this point that it is impossible to adjust these parts so that the valve rod 38 can be moved prior to the opening of the air valve 13. In other words,.the initial movement ofthe trigger opens the air valve '13 and permits a supply of air under pressure to enter theY device before the valve member 38 can be moved. It 1s also to be noted that in the position shown in full lines-in Figure l, the packing material in the packing gland issubject to the greatest pressure from the vwasher 40, vthat is when Y extends to the shoulder 55, which forms the reduced portion 54 from the valve rod as a whole. This part ofthe valve rod just described is mounted in the liquid material receiving'chambcr 5G which is formed in/the front end of the barrel portioniand communicat-es with the material supply' passage 57 which extends vertically through the .downward extension 5.8, this downward extension 58 having its lowei portion screwthreadedas at 59 to afford a connection. for a hose or pipe leading from a suit-able liquid container or tothe material cup to be presently described. Surrounding the upper portion of this extension 58 is the vertical annular air passage 60;which connects with horizontal passage 11 and also with a .horizontal annular air passage 6l formed in a forward extension G2 of the barrel. This forward extension is screw-threaded on its outside as at 63 vto receive t-hc nozzle (54. This forward extension is also provided with the internal screw-thread. 65 to receive the fluid tip 66.

This fluid tip is shown in detail in Figure 4 and is provided with the screw-threaded extension 67 whereby it is secured `in position engaging the screw-threads 65 of the forward extension 62. It has the flange G8 which isA provided with a plurality of slots or apertures 69, this flange tightly fitting within the end of the extension 62 and affording a closure for the horizontal annulaia'ir passage 6l, it being noted that the end of the extension 62 is beyond the end of the inner wall and that the face of the disc 68 fits against the end of the inner wall. The outer face of the flange 68 is flush with the outer-'end of the forward extension 62, and

the slots or openings 69, therefore, afford meansvof egress for the air from the. horizontal annular air, passage 6l. This con-Y struction gives a very even distribution of arr which 1s an rmportant facto;` 1n the successful operation of this device. This fluid .tip 66 is provided with the squared shoulder 69a and then with the taperedV portion 70,

this taper being formed on a curve as shown and terminating in a shoulder 71 from which the tip portion 72 extends, this tip portion" being of cylindrical or tubular shape. The fluid tip is bored entirely therethrough, the bore 78 through the forwardrportion being less in diameter than the bore 74 through the rear portion. The rear end'of the fluid tip where the bore 74 opens forms a se'at 75 for the valve 51 lon the end of the valve rod 38. It is Seen, therefore, that the fluid 2 and in detail in Figures 8 to l1 of thedrawing. This nozzle which I term' a fan slotv nozzle is of gen-eral cylindrical" form,

being substantially hollow for attachment to the external screw-threaded portion G3 ofv `the barrel above referred to' and has the conical shaped passage 76 extending therethrough and leading to a cylindrical -passage 77... This cylindrical passage leads into a A material passes up through passage 57 into flat fan shaped or arcuate slot 78. The cylindrical tip 72 of the luid tip is posi#v tioned within the cylindrical passage 77 of the nozzle. The junction of the cylindrical passage with the conical passage 76 in the .nozzle'ailords an annular shoulder o1" seat f of the fan slot and as the. slot is less in width than t e diameter of passage 77, shoulders 79 are ormed and these shoulders assist 1n .breaking upfthe liquid by diverting the direction of -flowof the air and causing the air to undergo a sharp change of direct-ion and passinto and across the stream of liquid from the fluid tip. This passage 77 is located centrally with respect to the slot. The abrupt changing of the direction of flow of Athe air across the stream of liquid as it emerges from the fluid tip, results in complete breaking up and atomization of the liquid, and 1ts -discharge in the forni of alinely divided spray of uniform density. i This action also retards the direct flowof'liquid from the nozzle which would result in an uneven spray of non-uniform density. In other words, the liquid is forced through the fluid tip under pressure and would pass through the nozzle in the form'of a thin narrow'thick stream, but the air being directed by the shoulders' 79 across the stream of liquid retards the flow' of Athe samethrou fh the nozzle','breaks it up into small partie es and preventsL its passage throughA the nozzle as a stream of liquid. `This retarding action due to what might be termed eddy currents of air, is very important and gives the advantageous results hereinbefore referred to. It makes the use of a pressure feed cup possiblevin .a device of this chal acter. and still gives eilicient results inthe application ofthese materials.

e erring now to Figure 2 the numeral 80. designates a' cup or other receptacle which 1s adapted to receive a suitable supply4 of fluid material l to vbe sprayed. This cup has a cap or topmember 81 having the projection 82 adapted to be secured vtoi the down-1 ward 'extension `58 of the gun. It is to be noted that the vert-ical annular air passage of the is closed by means of suitable washers 83 and nuts'84 (Figure 1)'. .In vorder'to provide pressurejin the cup for forcing the luid'material-from thecup-an air bypass 85 is connected to the side of the i. barrelA and communicates with the vertical annular'airpassage 60, this bypass extending downwardly as shown in Figure 2, and comshown in Fi municating through the `top or cap of the cup as at 86, so that when air pressure is in the vertical annular passage 60, part of the` same may passinto the fluid cup oiz container whereby the material therein is under pressure and will be forced out through the connection 82 and the fluid passage 57 into the-fluid chamber 56.

`When the device is used on pressure tanks the bypass is closed and aconnectionis made from the extension 58 to the fluid container or tank which is subjected to air or other fluid pressure, as is well understood in the art.

In Figure 3 of the drawing I show a detail of a modified form of connection between the gun and the Huid cup. This includes the top or cap 87 adapted to be suitably sec'uredto the cup by clamping or other means, having an extension in theV form of tube 88 which is adapted to be secured to the downward extension 58 of the device by means of a screw threaded connection. This tube is formed of substantially thick mate. rial, having the bore or passage 89 formed therein and leading into this passage are a plurality of smaller passages 90 `which are adapted to communicate with the vertical annular air passage 60 in-"the downward extension 5.58, it being understood that when this construction is attached, washers and nuts'83 and 84 are removed from extension 58. Nut member 91 having opening 92 is screwed into the capi87 from its underside closing the passage o bore 89 and forming a bushing to receive and guide the liquid post or tube 93. This post or tube 93 has its upper end screw-threaded as at 94 for attachment to the screw thread 95 formed in the liquid passage in the extension 58, and

extends downwardly to a point near the bottom of the cup or receptacle 80. The cap is bored from the inside, as at 96 to provide passages orports leading from the bore or passage 89 to the inside of the cap and into the container whereby the liquid therein is subjected to air pressure from the air passages when the air valve 13 isl open.

In operation, it being understood that the fluid cup is connected to extension 58 and that a source of air pressure is connected tc extension 5, the operator presses the trigger 26 which immediately opens air valve '13 whereby' a supply of air under pressure is admitted through passages 1m and 11, the vertical passage 60, bypass 85, or in the form.

e 4, passages 90, 89 and 96 into the cup 80. This air under pressure also passes through the horizontal annular passage 61 into the nozzle, in the space between the nozzle and the fluid tip and passes from the nozzle through Ilthe fan slot. Due to the fact that the valve rod 38 has not as yet been moved, there isi no passage of paint or other liquid andthis does not occur until .jlunder pressure is flowing through the f'nozzle; `l `urther movement of' the ytrigger yii'e'sults in a movement of the valve rod 38,y

which moves the valve 51 from its seat in the rear end of they fluid tip and permits the liquid which, due to the ai;l pressure thereon in the cup, has been forced up through passage 57 into thechamber 56, to pass through the bores 74 and 7 3 in the fluid tip'into the cylindrical bore '7 7 in the nozzle. There the fluid meets the outrushing current of air under pressure and is completely lbroken up and atomized and forced out of thefancslot.

` passage opening in the form of a sheet of misty fluid material in proper shape to coatl the surface. When the pressure is relieved from the trigger the fluid valve 51 first seats,

closin the fluid passages and preventing the material dripping or otherwise discharging Afrom the nozzle. After this valve has seated the air valve seats, disconnecting the parts of the apparatus from the source of -air pressure. Then the air pressure on the cup or container exhausts into the atmosphere through the bypass, vertical annular passage 60, horizontal annular passage Gland the nozzle, so that the fluid cup is relieved of pressure andthe parts-assume a normal condition. rlhis action of exhausting the air from the fluid cup` and the passage of airV through vthe 'device after the fluid valve is seated, results in a thorough cleaning o f the valve parts, preventmg waste of material .and the very objectionable dripping feature,

and also relieves the container from all pres sure When the device and apparatus are not in use.

rllhe construction shown in ofthe drawing operates in the same manner as the constructlon previously described. In that view however, the alr 'valve member 12 is l r'inounted to move horizontally-in the barrel portion 2 of the device and has the valve proper 13 formed at its end to rest againstl the seat 8 formed in the longitudinal air passage 11 in the barrel.

advantage in operation. The nut 97 -eonsti-- tutes an abutment with which the yoke engages and these parts are so arranged that in the initial part of the movement of the trigger the air -valve only willvbe opened -and it is not until after `this air valve is opened that the yoke 45 engages the abutr lindrical passage p The stem or` plunger 14 of this valve extends through thcbushing construction 15 beyond the rear end ment 43 to open theliquid valve. This relation of the parts is the same as in Fig. 1.

Referring noiv4 to the nozzle or discharge end of the device shown in Fig. 5 and also to detail views l1" s. 6 and 7 the new form of nozzle construction will now be described. It includes the nozzle 64 having a tapered 'passage 76 leading to and communicating wit-ha cylindrical passage 77 which in turn leads to and communicates with another cysage 77. This last mentioned cylindrical passage 77' communicates with the flat fan shaped slot 78 formed in the end of the nozzle, this slot being less in width than the diameter ofthe cylindrical passage 77,

whereby shoulders 79 are provided. These shoulders are preferably straight, butvm'ay be slightly inclined as Vshown and are for the 'purpose of abruptly changing the direction of the current of air across the stream of liquid emerging from the fluid tip just as in the previous construction. The tapered passage 76 in the nozzle leads from an air receiving compartment 98 formed in the nozzle, as shown at the rightin Figs. 5 and 6. This chamber provides an abrupt and A which is of lesser diam- -eter than the first mentioned cylindrical passubstantial shoulder 99., The ,inner surface i of this chamber and nozzle is not screw threaded. The nozzle is provided with the end securing annular flange 100, which is engaged by' an inwardly extending flange 101 on the locking ring 102,' which is interiorly screw threaded as at 10.3 to engage the threads 63 formed on the outside of the forward extension 62 of the barrel.

The fluid tip itself includes the threaded extension 67 whereby itmay be screwed into engagement with the internal screw thread 65 of the forward extension, the flat face or shoulder seats air-tight against the end of the Aforward extension. The fluid tip is provided with the squaredllat faced shoulder portion 69' with the tapered portion 7 0 extending forwardly therefrom to the cylindrical tip or projection 72', the tapered por-v tion 7 0 terminating in the abrupt shoulder 71. The squared or flat faced portion 69. is provided with front shoulders 69 Both the tapered portion 70' and the squared or flat shaped portion 69 are provided with a plurality of longitudinal extending slots or passages69, these passages opening into the squared or4 flat faced portion 69 and openingl into the end of the tapered passage 76 in the 4nozzle. The fluid tip is bored as The fluid tipv is mounted inposition in the Aend of the liquid receiving chamber or compartment 56 the inner end of the bore 73 serving 'as a valve seat Ifor the liquid valve. The nozzle 6ft isv positioned over the fluid tip and the shoulder 99 of the nozzle engages the shoulder 69 ofthe fluid tip, whereby substitutions of these parts made.-

liquid of course, passes through the liquid cured in position by means of a locking ring 102 previously described. This construction 5 provides for a fixed adjustment and an adjustment which may always be obtained regardless of the number of times the nozzle and iiu'id tip are taken from the device or The passages and through the bore ofthe fluid tip when the liquid valve is open. The air un'- der pressure passes through the air passages and through the plurality of small air ports or passages 6l which are formed in the end of the forward projection of the barrel andcommunicate with the vertical air passage 60 therein. This air under pressure is admitted into the chamber 98 formed in the F rear or inner end of the nozzle, and enters the ends of slots 69 passing through the tapered passage 7 6( and into the cylindrical passages 77- and 477 and in its passage .therethrough is subjected to abrupt changes of direction, due to the shoulders 79" and '79./ The position of the fluid tip with reference to these cylindrical passages and the shoulders and the fan slot is of utmost importance in securing perfect atomizatiorr and operatlon of this device.. The'arrangement of the slots 69 gives an even distri- Y bution of air throughout the confines of the nozzle.

It is tobe noted that the nut -97 affords 35.meaiis for'adjusting the 'positionfof the air ,nozzle memberhaving an air passage and a valve 13 whereb the amount of air may be readily dontrollled. The fixed adjustment ofthe nozzle 64.- is of material importance in making the device fool proof and insaving workmans ,time'in attempting to secure proper adjustment. The 4action of the shoulders in the two forms of nozzle inabruptlyuchanging the direction of flow of thecrrent of air causes eddy currents which gives a swirling action' within, thenozzle whigh results not Vonly in complete atomizationy but also in keepingQ the inside of the nozzle clean and free and prevents the same from clogging and improperly operating on that 50. account', even with relatively thick materials.

e This nozzle construction as stated before, is readily adaptable to the pressure cup devices shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings'and enables the use ofthis form of device, even with very heavy and thick materials. Theinsidemixed type of nozzle and the s ecific construction thereofpermits the satis actory luse ofthe pressure cup.` y

In Figs. 12 and 13 .a somewhat different V 'form `of` fana slot nozzle is illustrated. It

includes the nozzle member 104 having a frusto conical outerV sha e as at 105 terminating in the at roun face 106 which isprovided with the fiat slot 107V extending a isubstantial distancedown into the body of said shpulders whereby to cause `the a1r-to -the nozzle whereby lthe slot is 'of `substantial width and withl the result that avwide spray.

will b e emitted' from the nozzle. This nozzle has the cylindrical passage 108and tapered passage 109 communicating therewith and the shoulders 110 form at the'junction between the cylindrical passage y108 and the. Islot 107 due to the fact that the slot is less in width than the diameter of the cylindrical passage.

WhileI I have illustrated and. described only one form of nozzle, being what is termed a fan slot nozzle and also an inside mix nozzle, it is to be understood that various other forms of nozzles, such as conical nozzles and outside mia nozzles, may be used in connection with this construction;

. This device resultsl in a number of advantages', a fewl of which are as follows: a saving of a substantial percentage of the amount of material used, operation at greater speed, and operation on considerably less power. In addition, the device is composed of. few wearing parts, beiner made -strong and substantial and ca able o? maxiymum severe service.

Mists, unies and the chilling of the liquid material is minimized and a smooth, even iiowing coat free from all' blemishes is assured. The flow of liquid material is under perfect trigger control and the device is balanced, light in weight, convenient and easy to easy to clean.

I claim: v 1. A paint/'spraying device includingia operate and unusually cylindrical bore communicating with lsaid air passage, said nozzle member having a slot in its tip. or outlet portion communicating with. said cylindrical. bore, said slot being less in width than the diameter of said bore whereby shoulders are provided atthe junction of the bore and slot to form .means for abruptly changing the direction Aof the air before it enters the slot and means bore Vwhereby shoulders\are 'provided at the junction of the bore and slot to form means for abruptly changing the direction of the air before it enters the slot, said shoulders being parallel with the long\dimension of the slot and means to discharge a stream of materirl rearwardly of and spaced from Ala intercept and flow across the stream of material at points within the nozzle member.

3. A paint sprayingidevice including a nozzle member having an air passage and a4 cylindrical bore communicating with said air passage, said nozzle member having a slot in its tip or outlet portion coiiiii'iuiiieating with said cylindrical bore, said slot l being less in) width than the diameter of said positioned'in said nozzle member adjacent to but spaced rearwardly from said shoulders w",reby to cause the air to intercept and flow across the liquid 'at points within the nozzle member. 1

4. A paint spraying device including a nozzle member having an'air passage and a cylindrical bore communicating with said air passage, said nozzle member having a slot in its tip or outlet portionf cominunicating with said cylindrical bore, said slot bef from said,i shoulders whereby to cause theair to intercept and flow across the liquid at 4points within the nozzle member. i

5. `A paint spraying'device including a nozzle member having an air passage and having a f'an shaped s lot relatively nari-ow in width communicating with said air passage, means interposed between said air passage and slot to abruptly change the direction of flow ofthe air before it enters the slot and means to discharge a stream of ina-- terial rearwardly of and spaced from said air-flow dii'ectioii changing means'whereby to cause the air to intercept and flow 'across .the liquid at points within the nozzle mein.-

ber.

6. A. paint spra-ying'device including a nozzle member having an air assage and a fan shaped slot with which said air passage communicates, a fluid'tip member having a material passage mounted withinthe nozzle with its end.l spacedv from said slot, and means in the nozzle arranged in advance of and spaced from said end oftlie fluid tip member for abruptly changing the direction of' air passing therethrough to cause the saine to flow across the material egressiiig from the outlet of the fluid tip before the material reaches the slot.

7. A paint spraying device including a nozzle member having an aii passage and a fan shaped slot with. which said air passage communicates, a fluid tip member having a material passage mounted within the nozzle with its end spaced from said slot, and means in the nozzle arranged in advance of and'I spaced from said end of the fluid tip member for abruptly changing the direction of air passing therethrough to cause the saine to flow across the material egressing from the outlet of wthe fluid tip before the materialreaclies the slot, said means being pi'ovided by a cylindrical passage between said air passage and the slot, the slot being less4 in width than the diameter of the cylindrical passage forming abrupt shoulders.

8. A paint spraying device including a nozzle member having an air passagefand a fan shaped slot with which said air-passage communicates, a fluid tip member having a i material passage mounted within the nozzle with its end spaced from said slot and means in the nozzle arranged in advance ofi and spaced from said end of the fluid tip inember for abruptly changing ithc direction of air passing therethrough to cause the same follow acrossthe material egressing from the outlet of the fluid tip before the material reaches the slot, said means being provided by.a` cylindrical passage between said air passage and the slot, the slot being less in width than the dianieterof the cylindrical passage forming abrupt shoulders, said fluid tip having a cylindrical end, less in diameter than said cylindrical passage.

9. A paint Aspraying device including a nozzle member li aving an air passage and fi cylindrical boie communicating with said air passage, said nozzle member having a slet in its tip er outlet portion communicating with said cylindrical bore, said slot be-vr ing less in width than the diameter of said bore whereby shoulders are provided at the junction of the bore and slot to form means for abruptly changing the direction of Jthe air before' it enters the slot, a fluid tip ineinber bored to permit the passage of liquid' therethrough and having its outlet end positioned in said nozzle member adjacent to butspaced rearwardly from said shoulders.

and means permanently fixing the position V of the outlet end of the fluid lip relative to said shoulders;

10. A paint spraying device .including a nozzle member' having an air chamber, an

air passage communicating therewith, a plurality of' communicating cylindrical passages of' varying diameters, an arcuate slot in the end of" said nozzle member communicating with the last cylindrical-passage, a fluid tip member within said nozzle member spaced rearwardly of said slot and having -a bore. for the passage of material ther through and further having a cylindrical end portion fitting within oneof said cylin- 4drical passages.

wao

1% A-paint spraying device including a nozzle member having an air chamber, an ai'r passage-communicating therewith, a plurality of communicating cylindrical passages ofvarying diameters, an arcuate slot in the end of said nozzle nember communicating with the lastcyli drical passage, a fluidtip member Within said nozzle member .spaced rearwardly of said slot and havinga bore for the passage of material therethrough and further .having a cylindrical end portion fitting within one of said cylindrical passages, said fluid tip having a plul rality of spaced passages therealong to afford an even distribution of air from 'the airchamber to thecylindrical passages.

13. A paint spraying device including a nozzle member having an air chamber, an air passage communicating therewith, a plurality' of communicating cylindrical passages of varying diameters, an arcuate slof- .'in the end of said nozzle member communicating withv the last cylindrical passage; a fluid tip member within said nozzle member spaced rearwardly of said slot and having a bore for the passage of material therethrough and further having a cylindrical end portion fitting within one of said cylindr-ical passages, said fluid tip'- having shoulders adapted to engage said nozzle 'member to fix thel adjustment of the cyligdrical end of the fluid tip.

14. A paint spraying device including a nozzle member'h'aving an air chamber, an

- air passage communicating therewith, a plurality- `of communicating, cylindrical passages of varying-diameters, an arcuate yslot 1n the end of said nozzle member communicating with the last cylindrical passage,l al

fluid tip member within said nozzle member having a bore for the passage of material vtherethrough and-having a cylindrical end portion fitting within one of said cylindrical passages, said fluid tip having shoulders adapted to engage said nozzle member to fix the adjustment ofthe cylindrical end of, the fluid tip, said fluid tip also having a ta ered portion disposed axially within sai air passage of the nozzle member and having a discharge spaced rearwardly from said slot.

l5. -A paint spraying device including a nozzle member and a fluid tip member positioncd within said nozzle member, said fluid tip member having a bore for the passage of material therethrough, said nozzle member having an air chamber of the same general shape as but larger than said fluid tip, a substantially cylindrical air passage communicating with said air chamber, and a slot communicating with said air passage,

and 'means for connecting said nozzle membei' to the paintspraying device in a fixed position relative to said fluid tip so as to permit the passage of air around the outside of said fluid tip and so as to position the end of the fluid tip within said cylindrical air passagebut spaced rearwardly from said slot so that the air engages the material discharged from said fluid tip before it is discharged through vsaid slot.

1G. A paint spraying device including a nozzle member and a fluid tip'. member positibned within said nozzle member, said fluid tip member having a bore for the passage of material therethrough and being of general' conical shape, said nozzle member having an air chamber of the same shape as and of' ysomewhat greater dimension than said fluid tip, said nozzle member also having a substantially cylindrical air passage com- .municatiiig with said air chamber at the front end thereof and a dischargeislot communicating with said cylindrical air passage, and means adapted to hold said nozzley member on said paint spraying device in a fixed adjustment so as to lpermit the passage of air about the outside of' said conical fluid tip tosaid cylindrical air passage and so'as to position the end of said fluid tip short of and rearwardly of said slot so that the air strikes the material discharged from said fluid tip before it passes int`o said slot.

17. A paint spraying device including a fluid tip member adapted to be secured to the paint spraying device and' having a bore to permit the passage of material therethrough and having a reduced cylindrical end, a nozzle member adapted to be positioned on the eiid of said paint spraying device andl to' liave\communication with aii" passages therein, said nozzle member having an air 'chamber of the same general shape' as that pf the fluid tip but of somewhat larger dimension so as to provide a space therebetween for the passage of air when assembled, a restricted 'cylindrical air passage ,in its forward portion and a slot comf municating with said cylindricalair passage, said cylindrical air passage being of greater diameter than the reduced cylindrical end' of said fluid tip, and means for assembling and holding said nozzle member on the paint sprayingr device s0 that the reduced cylindrical end of the Huid tip is positioned Within said cylindricalair passage and spaced rearwardly from the entranceof said slot so that the air passing around said fluid tip and into the cylindrical passage engages the material discharged from the fluid tip before it enters said slot.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing,-

1 have hereunto set my hand this 30th day of July. 1926.

AUSTIN H. DOWNS. 

